Osteomalacia is an osteosclerotic developmental abnormality with no or few symptoms, and is extremely rare, statistically less than 1/10 million of the population. Most scholars at home and abroad believe that this disease is a congenital disorder with familial inheritance, and one of the two parents must be a patient with autosomal dominant inheritance. The cause of the disease is not yet known, and it can be seen at any age, and the inheritance is not related to gender. The disease is characterized by sclerotic bone lesions most often involving the hands, feet, pelvis and ends of the long bones, and patients may have no clinical symptoms, but are often detected incidentally by imaging. The disease, also known as Boe-Ou syndrome, osteomalacia, limited fracture hyperplasia, diffuse concentrated bone disease, or punctate bone disease, is a skeletal disease of unknown cause with an incidence of less than 1 in 10 million people. To date the disease has been poorly reported in the domestic and international literature and is known by a variety of names, including circumferential dense osteitis, circumferential brittle osteosclerosis, and disseminated dense osteopathy. It is a widely scattered, dense patch that appears on most bones throughout the body and does not usually produce clinical symptoms, but is mostly detected incidentally on x-ray for other reasons. The disease is best seen in cancellous bones such as the epiphysis and metaphysis of tubular bones, and also in certain flat bones and irregular bones. According to pathological observation, there are multiple small grayish-white round or oval dense bone masses within the cancellous bone.