Overall. There are two types of gallbladder removal and gallstone preservation. The former has a long history, indeed. As early as 1882, the famous German doctor Langenbuch performed the first cholecystectomy in Europe and proposed principles for the treatment of gallbladder stones. His proposed warm-bed doctrine has become the gold standard of treatment for more than 100 years. The most important feature of cholecystectomy is the preservation of the gallbladder. It began in the 1880s. Because the gallbladder cavity could not be viewed directly, stones were often not removed without removing the gallbladder, resulting in recurrence of stones. Today, with the advent and development of endoscopic technology, biliary lithotripsy is gaining good results and is gradually becoming an important treatment option in addition to gallbladder removal for stone therapy.