Thyroid puncture is a relatively minor surgical operation and patients can rest for half an hour after the procedure. Thyroid puncture is used to diagnose the nature of goiter, thyroid nodules, cystic thyroid lesions and other swellings and to guide treatment. This procedure can be divided into fine needle puncture and coarse needle puncture. Thyroid puncture is generally performed under local anesthesia, with minimal surgical trauma and minimal bleeding, and appropriate pressure should be applied to the puncture site to stop bleeding at the end of the puncture. Ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland is usually done after 15 minutes of lying down and rest, except for complications such as hematoma at the puncture site. If mild swelling and pain occur after the procedure, no treatment is needed; if the puncture site swells rapidly and there is difficulty in breathing, swallowing and hoarseness, prompt treatment should be given. In addition, patients should fast for 3 hours after thyroid puncture, avoid strenuous exercise, loud talking and frequent swallowing to avoid bleeding from the puncture site.