Thyroid tumors include benign tumors and malignant tumors, for which surgery is the preferred treatment method. 1.Thyroid adenoma is the most common benign thyroid tumor. Although thyroid adenomas are benign tumors, about 10% of them can become malignant and it is difficult to distinguish them from early thyroid cancer. Therefore, once they are diagnosed, they should be closely followed up and observed. The most reasonable surgical method for tumors confined to one lobe is thyroid lobectomy. In addition, pathological examination of the resected specimen is required to exclude malignant tumor if part of the thyroid gland is preserved. For thyroid adenoma with hyperthyroidism, appropriate preoperative preparation should be given to prevent the occurrence of postoperative thyroid crisis. Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the thyroid gland and can be divided into differentiated thyroid cancer and undifferentiated thyroid cancer according to histological characteristics. Except for undifferentiated cancer, surgery is the basic treatment for all types of thyroid cancer, and adjuvant treatments such as radionuclide, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) suppression and external radiation are also applied. Surgery is one of the most important means of treating thyroid cancer, including removal of the thyroid gland itself, as well as cervical lymph node dissection. As mentioned above, if you have thyroid cancer, you need to seek medical treatment in time, and do not delay your condition by self-medication.