Papillary thyroid cancer is the most common type of thyroid cancer, accounting for about 90% of all thyroid cancers. Patients are mostly women and are mostly seen in young adults. It has a low malignancy and is usually a solitary lesion. Papillary thyroid cancer is mainly lymph node metastasis, often with enlarged lymph nodes in the neck as the first symptom. Because the rate of cervical lymph node metastasis is very high, cervical lymph node dissection surgery is an effective treatment for cervical metastasis of thyroid cancer and cannot be replaced by other treatments. The indications for cervical lymph node dissection surgery are: lymph nodes can be palpated by clinical examination and confirmed by fine needle aspiration; metastasis is highly suspected by CT and ultrasound. The tumor is obviously invasive. Compared with the traditional cervical lymph node dissection, it mainly preserves the sternocleidomastoid muscle, internal jugular vein and the paraneoplastic nerve, which ensures the efficacy of the surgery and preserves the function of the neck and shoulder and improves the quality of life of the patient after surgery. The treatment of thyroid cancer is mainly surgical, and if metastasis is diagnosed, cervical lymph node dissection is performed at the same time. This is supplemented by endocrine therapy and radioactive iodine therapy. Most papillary thyroid cancers are slow to develop and can be cured.