Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a disease characterized by inflammatory changes in the muscles, ligaments and joint capsule attachments around the sacroiliac joints and spine. The etiology is not clear, but the spine and sacroiliac joints are the main lesions, often involving the large joints of the limbs, causing ankylosis and fibrosis of the spine and joints, resulting in varying degrees of eye, lung, muscle and bone lesions, and is an autoimmune disease. It is an autoimmune disease. There is a clear family aggregation. Patients can have the disease for more than 10 years, during which the lesions and pain have a remission period and can recur after several months or years, and finally the pain gradually disappears as the spine and joints straighten. 1, the initial symptoms Preferred age is adolescents or young adults, the ratio of men to women is 10:1; one said that the prevalence of women is higher than men, but because the clinical symptoms of women are not typical, so the diagnosis rate is lower. Some patients only show mild systemic symptoms in the early stage, such as weakness, wasting, chronic or intermittent low fever, anorexia, mild anemia, etc. 2, extra-articular manifestations Extra-articular lesions of AS, mostly appearing after spondylitis, can invade the heart, eyes and many other organ systems throughout the body. 3, examination Plain X-ray or CT is relatively inexpensive, while magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), which are relatively more expensive, can help in early detection and prevention of AS. 4. Clinical manifestations (1) Soreness and discomfort in the low back and/or spine, groin, buttocks or lower extremities, or asymmetric peripheral oligoarthritis, especially lower extremity oligoarthritis, with symptoms lasting ≥ 6 weeks. (2) Nocturnal pain or morning stiffness is evident. (3) Relief after activity. (4) Heel pain or other tendon attachment point disease. (5) Current or past history of iridocyclitis. (6) Family history of AS or HLA-B27 positivity. (7) Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can rapidly relieve symptoms. (5) Rehabilitation (1) Exercise therapy is beneficial for all kinds of chronic diseases, and is more important for AS. It can maintain the physiological curvature of the spine and prevent deformity. Maintain thoracic mobility and normal respiratory function. Maintain bone density and strength to prevent osteoporosis and limb wasting muscle atrophy, etc. Patients can adopt appropriate exercise modality and exercise amount according to their individual condition. If new pain persists for more than 2 hours without recovery, it indicates excessive exercise, and the amount of exercise should be reduced or adjusted appropriately. (2) Physiotherapy is usually wax therapy and hot water bath therapy. (3) Medications are used as an adjunct to treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and biological agents. (4) Surgical treatment: orthopedic spine surgery or arthroplasty is feasible in severe cases. 6, prevention (1) should avoid strong weight-bearing, which can aggravate the lesion. Avoid maintaining a fixed posture for a long time. Do not use lumbar back restraint (will reduce the activity), which will worsen the spondylitis. (2) Avoid high pillows and soft beds when sleeping, preferably lying flat and keeping the back upright. (3) When you wake up in the morning with a stiff back, you can take a hot bath to improve it. Hot compresses are also partially effective in relieving local pain. Do not smoke to avoid damage to the lungs. (4) Be careful to prevent trauma, always wear a seat belt when driving, and try not to ride a motorcycle. (5) In the cold and wet season, it is more important to prevent the recurrence of symptoms. (6) Infections of the gastrointestinal tract and urinary tract often trigger spondylitis, so you should pay attention to dietary hygiene, drink more water, eat more vegetables and fruits, and avoid holding urine and constipation. (7) Pay attention to whether other family members have symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis, such as lower back pain and morning stiffness. If so, seek medical attention as soon as possible.