Gallstones, also called biliary system stone disease or cholelithiasis, is one of the common diseases in hepatobiliary surgery. The gallbladder, common hepatic duct and common bile duct together form the biliary system of the body to perform the functions of transporting, storing, concentrating and excreting bile. If the structure of the biliary system or the composition of the bile changes, solid crystals may form anywhere in the biliary system, which are known as gallstones. If the gallstones are small, patients usually do not feel it obviously; if the gallstones are large, patients will experience fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and other symptoms, and it can also cause jaundice, cholangitis and pancreatitis, and even gallbladder cancer, therefore, gallstones should be treated as early as possible. Surgery is the most reliable treatment for gallbladder stones At present, the mainstream methods of gallbladder stone treatment include cholecystectomy, other methods include gallbladder lithotripsy, oral lithotripsy and lithotripsy treatment. Among them, oral drug lithotripsy and extracorporeal ultrasonic lithotripsy have been eliminated due to unsatisfactory efficacy, and surgery has become the safest and most effective method to treat gallstones, and minimally invasive cholecystectomy and cholecystectomy were then produced. Around 1990, there was a treatment boom of biliary stone extraction at home and abroad, but because of the abnormal cholesterol metabolism of gallbladder stones by biliary stone extraction, the recurrence rate of stones after surgery was too high. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has become the gold standard for gallbladder stones at home and abroad because of its precise efficacy and small trauma, and is now the first choice of treatment in major hospitals. There is little significance in preserving the diseased gallbladder The impact of gallbladder removal on human health is minimal. Because bile is secreted by the liver, the gallbladder only plays a storage and concentration function, and there is no significant change in the original bile secretion after removal of the gallbladder. There is a view that gallbladder resection is prone to disadvantages such as biliary dysfunction, postoperative intestinal obstruction, colon cancer, postoperative diarrhea, reflux gastritis and reflux esophagitis. However, it is found in the clinic that except for less than 5% of patients who are prone to increased stool frequency after eating a high-fat diet after surgery, the remaining manifestations are very rare, and generally after 1 year, most patients’ diarrhea can disappear through self-regulation. In fact, after having gallbladder stones, a large proportion of patients have no concentrated gallbladder function. If the gallbladder has been removed, it is impossible to have gallbladder stones, as the saying goes: “If the skin does not exist, the hair will not be attached”. The recurrence rate of stones 2 years after gallbladder preservation is reported to be between 40% and 80% at home and abroad, and most patients will be forced to undergo a second operation, which will be more difficult and dangerous because of the adhesions that occurred after the first operation. This shows that it is not much necessary for gallbladder patients to insist on choosing gallbladder preservation surgery. If the patient insists on preserving the gallbladder, the following 4 conditions should be met, otherwise the recurrence rate of stones is high: 1. mild symptoms or no obvious symptoms; 2. ultrasound examination indicates no significant thickening of the gallbladder wall and normal gallbladder contraction function; 3. good gallbladder visualization by oral method cholecystography and normal gallbladder contraction function; 4. single stones. Postoperative recovery attention After cholecystectomy, because the physiological integrity and functional coordination of the biliary tract are damaged to a certain extent, patients should pay more attention to the reasonable combination of dietary structure, correct the bad dietary habits, and continue to maintain the dietary principles of low calorie, low fat, high protein and high vitamin. 1, pay attention to a reasonable combination of meat and vegetables, try to reduce the fat and cholesterol content of food, eat more food containing high dietary fiber (such as oats, beans, vegetables, etc.), usually advocate the use of vegetable oils, avoid the intake of animal oils; avoid overeating or excessive hunger, try to do a small number of meals. 2, smoke and quit drinking, eat less spicy and other stimulating foods, such as onions, garlic, ginger, chili and pepper. 3, cooking should strive to light, preferably using stewing, steaming, simmering soup and other methods, avoid deep-fried, greasy food, so as to suit the changes in the function of the biliary tract after surgery and reduce the burden on the digestive system.