There are many causes of swollen lymph nodes in the neck area, which can be divided into benign diseases and malignant diseases. The most common benign diseases are bacterial infections of the head, face and mouth, lymphatic tuberculosis caused by tuberculosis infection, and systemic infections such as EBV infection causing infectious mononucleosis, cytomegalovirus infection causing swollen lymph nodes in the neck, and rubella virus infection causing swollen lymph nodes in the neck. The most important malignant disease to be investigated is lymphoma. In addition, we should also worry about the presence of malignant tumors in the head, face or other parts of the body, which may lead to the metastasis of lymph nodes, resulting in swollen lymph nodes in the neck.