The indications for transurethral resection of the prostate depend on many different factors. The choice of transurethral route for prostatectomy depends on the specific condition of the patient and the surgeon’s mastery of the basic skills and techniques of electrodesurgery of the prostate. 1, benign prostatic hyperplasia The size of the prostate is not an absolute indication for surgery, the normal prostate size is about 2.0×3.0x4.0cm, some people have a large prostate, but clinically there are no symptoms of urinary difficulty, and no residual urine occurs on examination, so it can be observed. When a patient has difficulty in urination, residual urine, hematuria, bladder stones, hydronephrosis, renal insufficiency, renal failure, and combined bladder tumors should be actively treated. Prostate tissue location 1.1: prostate macroadenoma In the past, when the weight of prostate tissue to be removed exceeded 60.0g, clinically the chance of complications increased significantly because of the long electrodesection surgery time and bleeding, and the choice of open prostatectomy is appropriate to remove the hyperplastic gland both quickly and completely. The actual 60.0g is not an absolute contraindication to electrodesurgery of the prostate. The author has completed dozens of patients with more than 150.0g in recent years (including 1 case with 220.0g, operating time 5.0 hours. 1 case with 240.0g, operating time 3.5 hours, patient was anemic before surgery, hematocrit 91.1g, intraoperative blood transfusion 200.0ml) Removal of hyperplastic prostate tissue 240.0g 1.2: prostate adenoma of medium size Open prostatectomy Both open prostatectomy and transurethral electrodesiccation of the prostate are possible. Frail patients tolerate the latter procedure better and get up and move around faster after surgery. The choice between the two methods depends largely on the urologist’s personal habits and his proficiency in transurethral resection techniques. Transurethral resection should not be continued for more than 1 hour. Regardless of the method used, complete removal of all hyperplastic glands within the surgical envelope of the prostate is required (hyperplastic glandular tissue generally accounts for 80% of all glandular tissue). 1.3: Small adenomas of the prostate should be removed via the urethra because this prostate resides deep within the pelvis. 2: Prostate stones Most of the prostate stones are located between the gland and the peritoneum. Transurethral electrodesiccation removes the hyperplastic gland, while the stones can be removed and the coexisting fibrous tissue can be excised. The patient’s consent is required to perform transurethral resection of the prostate. For prostate cancer or a gland clinically diagnosed as fibrotic, transurethral electrodesiccation can be performed to relieve the difficulty in urination and prolong the patient’s life and improve the quality of life with other treatments. In conclusion, transurethral resection of the prostate is a successful example of minimally invasive surgery in the last 80 years, and the technology has become increasingly mature and standardized, resulting in laparoscopy, hysteroscopy, nasaloscopy, thoracoscopy, gastroscopy, and enteroscopy, which have relieved the pain of many patients. The surgical indications are wide, and the patients have less bleeding and faster recovery. The procedure can be tolerated by elderly patients who are suffering from cerebrovascular disease, cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, diabetes, neurological disease and other comorbidities, after adjusting their treatment and achieving relative stability.