Differential Diagnosis of Emotional Paralysis

  Emotional paralysis PTSD causes delayed onset and long-term persistent psychiatric disorders due to unusually threatening or catastrophic psychological trauma (which can cause intense distress in almost everyone), such as being a victim of torture, a victim of terrorism, being raped, witnessing the tragic death of another person, etc. Some individuals have additional factors such as personality defects or a history of neurological disorders, thus reducing the ability to cope with the stressor or can exacerbate the disease process. The main manifestations are recurrent intrusive reoccurrences of traumatic experiences (pathological reoccurrences or flashbacks), recurrent recurrences of traumatic scenarios in dreams, or distressing and involuntary recurrent flashbacks due to exposure to situations similar or related to the stimulus; persistent heightened alertness; and persistent deliberate avoidance of activities and situations easily reminiscent of the trauma. The following is the clinical differential diagnosis.  Depression: This disorder is characterized by a decline in interest, alienation and isolation from others, and a sense of uncertainty about the future, as well as by sadness, “touchy-feely” memories, and mood changes, but there are differences between the two. In simple depressive disorder, however, there are no intrusive memories or dreams associated with traumatic events, and there is no avoidance of specific themes or scenes. The depressive state of mind in depression is wide-ranging and includes usual interests, daily preferences, and personal future. Negativity, low self-esteem, or suicide attempts are also common.  Anxiety neurosis: It should be distinguished from chronic anxiety when delayed psychogenic reactions with persistent increased alertness and autonomic system symptoms are present. Anxiety disorders are often characterized by excessive anxiety about one’s health, more somatic complaints, and even a tendency to hypochondriasis, without obvious traumatic pathogenic factors.  Obsessive-compulsive disorder: it can show recurrent obsessive-compulsive thinking, but often shows inappropriateness and no unusual life events before the illness, so it is different from post-traumatic stress disorder.  Serious mental disorders: such as schizophrenia and mental disorders associated with somatic diseases can appear hallucinations and delusions, but these diseases do not have unusual traumatic experiences before the disease, and the accompanying symptoms are different, so it is not difficult to distinguish them from the hallucinations and delusions that occur occasionally in PTSD.