Hepatitis B carriers are not indications for antiviral therapy and should generally not be treated with anti-HBV drugs. However, when the person strongly requests treatment, a liver puncture must be done, if it can be proven that there are indeed inflammatory changes in the liver, and the pathological diagnostic criteria for chronic hepatitis B are met, or early cirrhosis is proven by liver puncture, while serological testing for HBv markers proves that there is viral replication, this is the only time antiviral therapy can be given. The general indications for antiviral treatment of hepatitis B include: ① HBeAg positive, HBV-DNAR 100,000 (1E5, 5th power of 10) copies/ml (equivalent to 20,000 IU/ml); HBeAg negative, HBV-DNAR 10,000 (1e4, 4th power of 10) copies/ml (equivalent to 2,000 IU/ml); ② ALTR2×ULN; if IFN is used to treat hepatitis B, ALT should be Q10×ULN and total serum bilirubin should be 2×ULN; ③ ALT2×ULN, but liver histology shows KnodellHAIR4, or inflammatory necrosis RG2, or fibrosis RS2. For those who are persistently HBV-DNA positive and do not meet the above treatment criteria, but have one of the following conditions, they should also be considered ① For those with ALT greater than ULN and aged 40 years, antiviral treatment for hepatitis B should also be considered; ② For those with persistent normal ALT but older (40 years), close follow-up should be performed, preferably with liver tissue biopsy; if liver histology shows KnodellHAIR4, or inflammatory necrosis RG2, or fibrosis RS2, hepatitis B should be actively given If dynamic observation reveals evidence of disease progression (e.g., enlarged spleen), liver histology is recommended and hepatitis B should be given antiviral therapy if necessary