Hemolysis, or immune hemolysis, is usually caused by shortening of the life span of red blood cells and can be caused by problems such as serotonin, snake bites or exposure to viper serum, in addition to blood group incompatibility. The phenomenon of blood group incompatibility is usually seen in newborns and fetuses, mainly including ABO hemolysis and Rh hemolysis, and the specific blood groups, symptoms and prevention methods need to be analyzed according to different situations. 1. ABO hemolysis: usually occurs between the pregnant mother and the fetus, generally refers to the mother’s blood type O, and the father’s blood type A, B or AB, if the baby is blood type A or B, then ABO hemolysis may occur. ABO hemolysis may occur. The symptoms are usually mild, with mild to moderate anemia and jaundice, and often occur within 72 hours of birth. Pregnant women can be treated by prenatal plasma exchange and intravenous gammaglobulin, which can help reduce the possibility of ABO hemolysis in newborns; 2. Rh hemolysis: Rh hemolysis is a condition in which antibodies against RHD combine with RHD antigen, resulting in the possible destruction of red blood cells. If the mother’s blood type is Rh-negative and the fetus is Rh-positive blood type, it can lead to the appearance of Rh hemolysis, but it is less common. The main symptoms include moderate anemia, heart failure, and jaundice within 24 hours of birth, which can cause bilirubin encephalopathy and damage to the liver, nervous system, and many other organs of the body. If the risk of Rh hemolysis in the fetus is clear during pregnancy, measures such as anti-D immunoglobulin injections can be taken in cooperation with a medical professional to help prevent the disease.