Neonatal hemolysis should be treated promptly and aggressively as soon as it is detected, and the earlier it is treated, the better the prognosis. Neonatal hemolysis is caused by the incompatibility between the mother’s blood type and the baby’s blood type, resulting in neonatal immune hemolysis, including ABO hemolysis and RH hemolysis. The hemolysis caused by RH blood group incompatibility is more serious and can lead to elevated bilirubin, which can be accompanied by hepatosplenomegaly, even endangering the life of the child, and should be treated early. If bilirubin continues to rise, it can cause acute bilirubin encephalopathy, and untimely treatment can lead to irreversible neurological damage. After a clear diagnosis of this disease, light therapy can be taken to reduce bilirubin levels, gammaglobulin can be infused to reduce antibody antigen reactions and prevent bilirubin encephalopathy, and children with severe disease can be treated with blood exchange therapy. In addition, some newborns can develop severe anemia after this disease is cured, and attention should be paid to rechecking red blood cells and hemoglobin.