Jaundice that occurs within 24 hours of birth is considered hemolytic jaundice and should be treated promptly and aggressively within 24 hours; the earlier the treatment, the better the prognosis. Hemolytic jaundice in newborns is caused by a mismatch between the blood type of the newborn and the maternal blood type, leading to hemolysis in the newborn, which in turn causes an increase in bilirubin levels and manifests as jaundice. Its causes include ABO blood group hemolysis, RH blood group hemolysis, and usually more severe neonatal jaundice caused by RH blood group hemolysis. Hemolytic jaundice in newborns usually appears within 24 hours after birth and can cause neonatal anemia, heart failure, bilirubin encephalopathy, and even death of the child, and should be diagnosed early and treated early for better results. Therefore, newborns with yellow staining of skin and mucous membranes found within 24 hours of birth should be promptly treated in the pediatric department.