Ascites is an important manifestation of advanced cirrhosis in the decompensated stage. It is formed due to impaired liver function and increased portal vein pressure as a result of prolonged liver disease, and recurrent episodes of ascites or persistent ascites do not subside, making treatment difficult. Modern medicine mostly uses rest, water and salt restricted diet, supplementation of albumin, liver protection and other supportive treatment, as well as diuresis, anti-infection and prevention of complications. This disease is equivalent to the category of “dropsy” in Chinese medicine, and is known as one of the four difficult diseases. There are many treatment methods for this disease, including those that mainly attack and supplement, and those that attack and supplement at the same time. It is reported in the literature that improper application of water-depleting drugs can easily lead to electrolyte disorders, heart rate disorders, diarrhea and vomiting, aggravating hypoproteinemia and liver coma, etc. Therefore, in recent years, simple attack and supplementation have been used sparingly, and more advocate comprehensive treatment and both attack and supplementation. The author believes that the initial stage of dropsy is in the liver and spleen, and the liver, spleen and kidney are damaged for a long time, and the disease process is long, and there are evidence of deficiency and mixed deficiency. The whole formula works to strengthen the spleen, benefit the qi, activate the blood, promote blood circulation and promote water circulation. Modern pharmacological research has confirmed that the drugs that benefit the qi and strengthen the spleen can not only improve digestion and absorption, but also facilitate the elevation of albumin, increase the conversion rate of lymphocytes, enhance the phagocytosis of macrophages, and induce the effect of interferon. Astragalus can tonify Qi and promote water, so it can improve the efficacy of the disease.