Plasma cell myeloma is a tumor caused by the malignant transformation of plasma cells. Due to the clonal proliferation of myeloma cells in the bone marrow, it causes osteolytic changes and patients will show symptoms of bone pain, which is one of the most common symptoms. Bone pain is mostly located in the lumbosacral region and thoracic spine, and sometimes causes pathological fractures. Patients often go to orthopedics for painful fractures, and after imaging examinations, widespread osteoporosis and pathological fractures are found, and biochemical examinations may reveal high calcium and abnormally elevated globulin ratios, which eventually confirm the diagnosis of multiple myeloma. Meanwhile, due to the massive proliferation of myeloma in the bone marrow, the normal hematopoietic function is destroyed, and the patient will experience a series of symptoms of anemia, infection, and bleeding. In addition, patients with multiple myeloma often have changes in kidney function, and they may develop a series of manifestations such as oliguria, renal failure, tubular urine and proteinuria. Therefore, the manifestation symptoms of myeloma are complex and often lead to misdiagnosis.