1.What is vestibular adenitis and vestibular gland abscess? The vestibular gland is located in the lower 1/3 of the labia majora on both sides, and the glandular ducts open between the hymen and labia minora. Because of the anatomical characteristics, pathogens can easily invade and cause vestibulitis when the vulva is contaminated during sexual intercourse, childbirth, and other situations. The disease is more common in women of childbearing age and less common in young girls and postmenopausal women. The main pathogens are endogenous pathogens and sexually transmitted diseases, the former are Staphylococcus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus, Enterococcus; the latter are mainly Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis. In acute attacks, the pathogen first invades the glandular duct, which is acutely purulent inflammation, and the opening of the glandular duct is often blocked by swelling or coagulation of exudate, so that pus cannot flow out and accumulate to form an abscess, called vestibular gland abscess. 2.What are the manifestations of vestibular gland abscess? The inflammation is mostly on one side. At the beginning, local swelling, pain, burning sensation, difficulty walking, and sometimes difficulty urinating and defecating. The local skin is red, swollen, hot and painful. When an abscess is formed, the pain increases and the fluctuating sensation can be palpated. In severe cases, the diameter of the abscess can reach 5-6 cm, the patient develops fever and other systemic symptoms, and the inguinal lymph nodes can be enlarged to different degrees. When the pressure inside the abscess increases, the skin on the surface becomes thin and the abscess breaks down by itself. If the opening is large, the abscess can drain on its own and the inflammation will subside and heal faster; if the opening is small and the drainage is not smooth, the inflammation will not subside continuously and the acute attack can be repeated. 3, vestibular adenitis and abscess how to treat? When acute inflammation strikes, bed rest is needed to keep the area clean. Spectral antibiotics control inflammation, while local hot compresses or sitz baths. After abscess formation, incision and drainage and stoma can be done to try to avoid repeated infection or cyst formation after incision closure. 4.What is vestibular gland cyst? The opening of the vestibular canal is blocked and secretions accumulate in the lumen to form a vestibular gland cyst. The reasons are (1) after the abscess of the vestibular gland has subsided, the duct is blocked and replaced by mucus secretions after the pus has been absorbed. (2) Congenital narrowing of the ducts or thick mucus in the lumen of the gland and poor discharge of secretions, resulting in the formation of cysts. (3) Damage to the vestibular canal, such as scarring after perineal and vaginal laceration during childbirth that blocks the mouth of the glandular canal, or damage to the glandular canal by lateral perineal incision. Vestibular gland cysts can be secondary to infection to form abscesses repeatedly. 5.What are the manifestations of vestibular gland cysts? The vestibular gland cysts vary in size, mostly from small to gradually increasing in size, and some can last for several years. If the cyst is small and not infected, the patient can have no conscious symptoms, often found during gynecological examinations; if the cyst is large, the patient can feel a feeling of swelling in the vulva or discomfort during intercourse. The cysts are mostly unilateral, but also bilateral, and they are mostly oval in shape. 6.How are vestibular gland cysts treated? Cyst debridement or ostomy can be performed, the latter can preserve the function of the gland.