Thick and painful finger joints may be caused by rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, gout and other diseases. 1. Rheumatoid arthritis: the typical symptom of rheumatoid arthritis is that the affected joints will be swollen and painful, and the common parts of the hands, fingers, etc., which can be manifested as thickening and pain in the finger joints. 2. Osteoarthritis: Osteoarthritis can also lead to swelling and deformation of the finger joints, which can be accompanied by mild to moderate pain. 3. Gout: When gout attacks, the affected joints will show redness, swelling, pain and elevated skin temperature, so the thickened and painful finger joints may be gout. When gout stones are formed, they are often deposited around the joints of the fingers, which can also lead to thickening of the fingers. There may be other reasons for the thickening and pain in the finger joints, so it is recommended to go to the hospital in time for a complete examination to clarify the cause of the disease and then give targeted treatment or therapy.