Under normal circumstances, there is no gas between the pleural cavity (lung and chest wall) and only a small amount of fluid lubrication. If gas appears in the pleural cavity without a clear causative factor (such as trauma, invasive operation, etc.), it is called spontaneous pneumothorax, as opposed to pneumothorax caused by trauma, invasive operation (such as puncture), etc., which is called secondary pneumothorax. For most spontaneous pneumothorax, the etiology is not well understood, and it is generally believed to be the rupture of a large subpleural blister in the apical part of the lung, which is called primary spontaneous pneumothorax (primary means that the specific etiology is not yet determined). The ratio of male to female patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax is 6:1, and the typical patient is a tall young man with a slim build. In contrast, spontaneous pneumothorax in elderly patients is mostly caused by emphysema, chronic bronchitis complicated by rupture of pulmonary blisters or asthma, which is not classified as primary (called chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), COPD) spontaneous pneumothorax, which is more complicated to deal with than primary spontaneous pneumothorax, and the condition is also more severe. The typical manifestation of spontaneous pneumothorax is sudden onset of chest pain and shortness of breath, which may be accompanied by coughing. The severity of symptoms is related to the amount of pneumothorax (the amount of gas in the pleural cavity, i.e., the degree of gas compression of lung tissue) and the presence or absence of concomitant diseases. Commonly speaking, the alveoli are compared to a “small house”, and when the walls between multiple small houses fall down, it becomes a “big house” — pneumothorax, and if the pneumothorax breaks, it is spontaneous pneumothorax. Minimally invasive treatment is to remove the pulmonary blister by applying an intracavitary cutting suture in 3 small incisions (1CM long) in the chest.