1.How to prevent hepatitis B virus infection in newborns A: There are two cases of preventing hepatitis B virus infection in newborns: (1): Newborns born to healthy mothers should be vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine within 24 hours, one month and six months after birth to block hepatitis B virus infection by artificial active immunization; the protection rate is 95% (2): Newborns born to mothers with positive hepatitis B surface antigen and e antigen should be vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine within 24 hours, one month and six months after birth to block hepatitis B virus infection by artificial active immunization. In addition to the hepatitis B vaccination according to (1), high potency hepatitis B immunoglobulin should be injected within 48 hours after birth to block the combination of hepatitis B virus and hepatocytes by artificial immunization (passive immunization), with a protection rate of 70-90%. 2.How to determine whether the newborn is infected with hepatitis B virus? A: If the mother is a carrier of hepatitis B virus or hepatitis patients, the newborn should be tested for hepatitis B markers on the first day of delivery, if one of them is positive and the test is still positive after 3 or 6 months, it can be considered an intrauterine infection; if it is negative at birth and turns positive 3-5 months after birth, it suggests that it is an infection during delivery or postpartum. 3.Can a woman who is positive for hepatitis B surface antigen breastfeed? A: It is controversial whether a hepatitis B surface antigen-positive woman can breastfeed her newborn. However, some studies have found that there is no significant difference in the rate of hepatitis B infection between breast-feeding and artificial feeding after preventive injection of hepatitis B vaccine and high-valent hepatitis B immunoglobulin to newborns. Therefore, domestic scholars have two opinions on this issue: one is that although hepatitis B virus is present in the mother’s milk, the amount of virus is far less than that in the blood, and hepatitis B virus generally does not infect through the digestive tract, so the newborn can be breastfed 24 hours after birth and after the first vaccination, but the mother should wash her hands with soap and running water before breastfeeding. Those with ruptured nipples should suspend breastfeeding and not feed the child mouth-to-mouth to reduce the chance of transmission. Another part of scholars believe that it is safer for mothers infected with hepatitis B virus not to breastfeed their children. 4.Is fatty liver hepatitis? Is it contagious? A: Fatty liver is an increase in fat content in the liver under certain abnormal conditions. When its fat content exceeds 10% of the liver weight, or histologically exceeds 50% of the liver parenchymal steatosis, it is called fatty liver. It is not hepatitis and is not contagious. There are many etiologies, alcoholism, excessive or lack of nutrition, endocrine disorders, drugs or hepatic toxins can cause fatty liver. Acute fatty liver encephalopathy can be caused by pregnancy.