When a patient develops a systemic malignancy, it is possible that further radiotherapy or chemotherapy may be required. After radiotherapy, due to the irritating effect of local chemotherapeutic substances, the intestinal mucosa will be in a state of erosion, thus further inducing radioactive proctitis, which is mainly seen in patients with pelvic or intestinal tumours. After the development of radioactive enteritis, retention enemas can be chosen to relieve the erosive damage of the local intestinal mucosa. In severe cases, surgical treatment may be required.