Biliary colic occurs in about 2% of “asymptomatic” gallbladder stones each year. Small stones can fall into the common bile duct and drain into the duodenum, and each drainage can damage the bile. The hepatopancreatic sphincter at the end of the common duct can be damaged by each stone discharge, and repeated stone discharges can cause narrowing of the end of the common bile duct, secondary to common bile duct stones and biliary pancreatitis. Large stones embedded in and compressing the gallbladder and its adjacent organs can form biliary fistulas, such as cholecystoduodenal fistula, cholecysto-transverse colonic fistula and cholecystocholedochal fistula. About 0.5%~1% of gallbladder stones are complicated by gallbladder cancer. For stones larger than 3 cm, age over 50 years, tumor family tree, gallbladder wall thickness larger than 1 cm, and gallbladder magnetic-like changes should be considered as high risk factors for gallbladder cancer.