It is important to determine how to time liver transplantation, i.e., at what stage of chronic disease progression liver transplantation will give the patient the most favorable outcome and prognosis. Bleeding from rupture of esophagogastric fundic varices causes 30-50% of deaths every time it occurs, and rebleeding occurs in 70% of patients within 2 years; intractable ascites has a 6-month survival rate of only 60%; spontaneous peritonitis occurs in 10-15% of patients with end-stage liver disease, and it is easily recurrent, and it causes 50% deaths every time it occurs, and if hepatic encephalopathy is poorly treated by medical therapy, then the 1-year survival rate is only 15-40%; therefore, when chronic disease develops, liver transplantation will provide the best outcome and prognosis for patients. The 1-year survival rate of hepatic encephalopathy is only 15-40% if medical treatment is not effective; therefore, liver transplantation should be considered when one of the following conditions occurs in patients with chronic liver disease: 1. One or more complications related to portal hypertension or hepatic failure. 2. For example, recurrent ruptured esophagogastric fundic varices bleeding, difficult-to-control ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, coagulation dysfunction, recurrent spontaneous peritonitis, and hepatorenal syndrome; 2. Severe lethargy, difficult-to-control itching, severe metabolic bone disease, and recurrent septic biliary cholangitis leading to a decline in the quality of life; 3. Laboratory tests: plasma protein is less than 30 g/L, and the prothrombin time ( PT) exceeds the normal control value by more than 5 seconds; total blood bilirubin is greater than 50-100mg/L. When patients with chronic liver disease present with the above conditions, it often means a shorter survival time, usually no more than 6-12 months, once the patient is in the end stage of severe liver disease, the patient often needs intensive care and assisted respiration to maintain respiratory and circulatory function, and it is often difficult to survive without implementing liver transplantation for 1-3 months, liver transplantation is associated with high risk, long post-transplantation hospitalization, and significantly higher costs. Therefore, performing liver transplantation at a less advanced stage of the disease (i.e., when the patient has less severe progressive liver disease) reduces perioperative risk, improves quality of life, and can significantly reduce the cost of treatment.