Most people know that they are hepatitis B, due to the lack of proper knowledge of the disease, often fall into panic, hepatitis B antiviral, liver protection, anti-fibrosis and so on together, hoping to cure hepatitis B as soon as possible, but often cost a lot, but the effect is not satisfactory, and some even aggravate the disease. In fact, the treatment of hepatitis B must be chosen at the right time and the right method. In terms of timing, the key is to find the right “immune clearance period”. This is a medical term, meaning that slow hepatitis B has entered a stage where the body’s immunity begins to recognize the hepatitis B virus and launch an attack on it, and in this stage proper medication can help the body successfully fight the virus. In clinical practice, the level of aminotransferase is the main criterion to determine whether the immune clearance phase has been entered. Usually, when the aminotransferase exceeds twice the normal level, it indicates that the body’s immune system is activated and begins the elimination reaction with the hepatitis B virus, which is the best time for antiviral treatment of hepatitis B. In addition, in some special cases, such as older patients, in addition to looking at transaminases, the doctor may also look at ultrasound, liver biopsy and other tests to see if the patient is in the immune clearance phase. In terms of methods, the core of treatment for slow hepatitis B is antiviral therapy. Currently, there are two major classes of antiviral drugs: oral nucleoside analogs and long-acting interferons. Oral antiviral drugs can suppress the hepatitis B virus within a certain level relatively quickly, but require long-term adherence to the medication and are prone to relapse after discontinuation, while the use of long-acting interferon has the advantage of a limited course of treatment rather than long-term treatment. Long-acting interferon such as pegylated interferon alpha-2a generally has a dual mechanism of action, on the one hand, can reduce the level of the virus, on the other hand, has an immunomodulatory effect, stimulating the body’s immune capacity, to help patients achieve the discontinuation of drugs without relapse, and even some patients can achieve clinical cure. According to China’s guidelines for the prevention and treatment of chronic hepatitis B, the predictive factors for the efficacy of interferon, the effect of interferon treatment is more obvious for young, primary treatment, low viral load and high transaminases (5-10 times higher than normal) in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Therefore, the selection of antiviral drugs and the development of antiviral programs should be individualized according to the actual situation of different patients.