Prof. Jeffrey S. Glenn from Stanford University came to our hospital for academic exchange At the invitation of the Institute of Liver Diseases, Prof. Jeffrey S. Glenn from Stanford University School of Medicine came to our hospital in the afternoon of September 9 to give a lecture entitled “Developing treatments for causes and effects of liver fibrosis”. The meeting was hosted by Dr. Zulong Liu from the Institute of Liver Diseases and attended by more than 30 researchers and graduate students from inside and outside the hospital. Prof. Glenn pointed out that overlapping HDV infection is an important factor in the development of severe and chronic hepatitis B (liver fibrosis and cirrhosis), and that there is a high prevalence of HDV infection in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Some patients with chronic hepatitis B are not infected with HBV, but are infected with it. Some patients with chronic hepatitis B show significant liver decompensation or rapid development of liver fibrosis despite a low HBV DNA viral load, which is due to HDV infection that inhibits HBV replication but exacerbates liver damage. Their improved anti-HDV protein blotting method and quantitative HDV RNA PCR method have improved the clinical detection of HDV infection by quantifying the protein and nucleic acid levels of HDV infection in patients from a small amount of serum. There is no effective treatment for HDV, but farnesyltransferase and its protein heteropentenylation (prenylation) play a role in the pathological mechanism of HDV. They have designed several farnesyltransferase inhibitors for heteropentenylation that can inhibit HDV assembly quite well, and good results have been obtained in clinical trials, which are expected to provide new drugs for HDV treatment. For hepatitis C virus, HCV nonstructural protein 4B (NS4B) is a good drug target that can be involved in mediating various viral activities and has an impact on host cell activity. Using high-throughput screening methods, Glenn et al. found that Clemizole-a first-generation oral antihistamine discovered more than 60 years ago-can inhibit the binding of the RNA-binding domain of the NS4B protein to RNA, thereby exert an anti-hepatitis C virus effect. In addition, Clemizole was found to have significant synergistic effects in vitro with an enzyme inhibitor of another non-structural protein, NS3, and to prevent the emergence of anti-HCV drug resistance. In addition, Prof. Glenn presented their application of an in vitro model of angiogenesis to screen the active components of the Chinese herbal compound, Fu Zheng Hua Yu Fang, for anti-angiogenesis and their related mechanisms, and discovered multiple effector components and their dose ranges. Afterwards, postdoctoral students Zhimin Zhao and Ye Tan from the Institute of Liver Diseases reported their own work on Chinese herbal medicine and liver vascular neovascularization, and Professors Ping Liu and Chenghai Liu and Prof. Glenn had an extensive discussion on the pathological mechanism of HDV in liver fibrosis and the mechanism of Chinese medicine prevention and treatment, forming a new consensus on cooperation.