Ankylosing spondylitis (AS;) is a chronic progressive inflammatory disease that mainly invades the spine and can involve the sacroiliac and peripheral joints to varying degrees. The characteristic pathological changes are inflammation of the ligaments, joint capsule, ligaments and other tissues at the attachment points of the bone, and as the disease progresses casually, the synovial membrane of the peripheral joints changes to granulomas characterized by After several months or years, the affected synovial membrane, ligaments, joint capsule tendons and other tissues have granulation tissue formation, which eventually causes adhesion calcification and ossification of the soft tissues around the joints, and the formation of bone redundancy around the joints, and eventually joint ankylosis. Ankylosing spondylitis starts insidiously. Patients gradually develop hip and hip or low back pain and/or stiffness, especially when lying down for a long time (at night) or sitting for a long time, difficulty in turning over, and stiffness in the low back in the morning or when rising from a sedentary position, but reduced after activity. Some patients feel severe pain in the hip and hip area, which occasionally radiates to the periphery. In the early stage of the disease, the pain is intermittent on one side, and after a few months, the pain is persistent on both sides. As the disease progresses from the sacroiliac joint to the lumbar spine, thoracic and cervical spine, pain, restricted movement or spinal deformity will occur in the corresponding areas. It has been reported that about 45% of our patients start with peripheral arthritis. Exercise therapy for ankylosing spondylitis focuses on relieving muscle spasm, relieving pain, stretching joint capsules and ligaments, reducing and preventing their contracture, controlling ankylosis and deformity of the spine and peripheral joints, and maintaining the function of whole-body movement and activity. It is important for patients with ankylosing spondylitis to adopt and maintain a regular exercise routine. The benefits of exercise include reducing pain, improving and maintaining posture, increasing thoracic mobility, and increasing lung capacity. The patient’s personal preference can be whether the individual exercises alone, a group together or with a physical therapist. Regardless of which format the patient chooses, communication between the patient and the rheumatologist and physical therapist is a necessary process in selecting the best exercise program. Exercise should be chosen as appropriate for the patient; swimming, water aerobics, and bicycling are excellent choices; high-intensity and contact sports should be avoided, and, of course, exercise that causes sudden spinal motion should be avoided. Physical therapy is a good way to establish a long-term effective exercise routine. Physical therapists can provide patients with ankylosing spondylitis with exercises tailored to their needs, such as spinal stretching, deep breathing exercises, mobility training to improve the back, cervical spine, shoulders and hips; core strength training to enhance spinal stability and muscle balance training for the lumbosacral region.