Daily precautions for ankylosing spondylitis

  A. Psychological factors A healthy psychological state helps to recover from the disease, psychological disorders mainly manifest as anxiety, fear and disappointment, etc.. This will affect the effectiveness of treatment, because bad emotions make the rehabilitation exercise less positive, in addition to the negative psychological stress caused by a bad state of mind, acting on the organs and systems governed by the vegetative nervous system, through the endocrine system affect the whole body, but also not conducive to disease recovery.  Second, diet and living Eat high protein, high nutrition food such as meat and fish, also eat fruits and vegetables to supplement vitamins, drink milk to supplement calcium, maintain a balanced intake of nutrients, avoid overweight to increase the burden on the joints, do not eat unclean food, do not drink raw water to prevent diarrhea. Alcohol should be prohibited while taking NSAIDs and methotrexate. Avoid too much satiety and tight clothing for those with late stage thoracic involvement. It is important to quit smoking because the disease often involves the spine and the thorax, resulting in reduced lung volume and easy shortness of breath, and smoking can aggravate shortness of breath. In addition, the disease does not increase the incidence of lung infections, but smoking can cause serious lung infections.  Third, hygiene and environment Should keep warm and keep dry. Those who have long foreskin or prepuce should be circumcised, and pay attention to external genital hygiene, diligent rinsing, pay attention to sexual hygiene, life check.  Prevent colds and flu Avoid going to crowded public places in the epidemic season (spring and autumn) or close contact with people who have colds and flu; vaccination can be carried out, such as influenza virus and pneumococcal vaccination once a year; keep the home clean and hygienic, proper ventilation; keep a relaxed mood and avoid overwork; enhance nutrition and improve immunity.  V. Fertility The disease itself does not adversely affect the patient’s reproductive function, such as taking drugs that affect reproduction, such as Lei Gong Tang or Kunming Shan Hai Tang, can lead to amenorrhea or infertility; male patients taking Liuzesulfapyridine, there will be reversible sperm reduction, but once the drug is stopped, it can be restored. Female patients with advanced disease who have developed joint or spinal deformities and are unable to care for themselves should carefully consider pregnancy and childbirth. If there are no severe spinal deformities, pregnancy is not a problem for women, but if there are severe hip deformities, a cesarean section may be required. During pregnancy, the position should be changed frequently when standing. Stop taking NSAIDs during the first 12 weeks and the last 4 weeks of pregnancy and during lactation. After the third month of pregnancy, hydrotherapy in a warm pool is optimal.  VI. Body posture and posture (1) sitting: choose a hard seat and a hard backrest high to the head with armrests, adjust the height of the chair, maintain the correct posture, avoid bending the body forward, chest upright, often move the spine, stretch the spine by sitting straight and moving the shoulders backward, avoid sitting on a low and soft chair or sofa.  (2) standing: chest up, abdomen and eyes flat, do not stand or sit too long in one posture, always walk and stretch the body, or lie flat for 15-20 minutes (supine, legs hanging down), if you must maintain a posture, you should move and stretch the joints as much as possible.  (3) sleep: supine position as far as possible to avoid flexion deformity, bed selection with ordinary bed (should be firm, not sagging, not too hard), mattress can have springs inside, but the edge should be firm, can put cardboard or plywood between the mattress and bed board, choose when first lying on the mattress for 20 minutes to see if comfortable, pillow as low as possible to prevent cervical deformity, choose a fluffy feather pillow, poor sleep, can choose amitriptyline.  Seven, adhere to exercise As important as drug treatment. While controlling joint pain, joint activities should be performed in a timely, cautious and gradual manner. In the acute stage, the affected joints should be moved gently and passively to the extent that pain just appears, once or twice a day. In the chronic phase, the pain duration after exercise <2 hours is the degree, at least one set of deep breathing activities every day to maintain thoracic mobility, more appropriate exercises are jogging, swimming and tai chi, etc. Swimming is the best exercise, swim in a variety of ways, to avoid high-intensity strenuous exercise, such as wrestling. When exercising, trainers with cushioning insoles should be worn. Those with hip joint lesions should insist on functional exercises to reduce disability. Regular physical therapy should be actively carried out, and a set of suitable physical therapy exercises should be formulated according to the patient's condition.