Chronic hepatitis B virus carriers are those who have been positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) for more than 6 months, with few signs and symptoms related to liver disease and normal liver function, i.e. normal aminotransferases and “major triple positive” hepatitis B five items, but high hepatitis B virus content. According to statistics, there are 120 million hepatitis B virus carriers in China. The occurrence of neonatal hepatitis B virus carriers is related to the vertical transmission from mother to child, and the perinatal transmission rate of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) positive mothers is very high, especially more than 90% of newborns born to pregnant women with “major triple-positive” hepatitis B virus are HBsAg positive. This is because HBeAg in maternal blood can enter the fetus through the placenta and suppress the immune response of cytotoxic T cells (Tc cells) to the infected hepatocytes, leaving the fetus in a state of immune tolerance. Infants and young children with hepatitis B virus are mainly infected by horizontal infection, which can be caused by blood transfusion and close contact with HBV-infected family members, etc. Infants and young children under 3 years of age are prone to become persistent carriers of hepatitis B virus because their immune function is not yet mature. Many hepatitis B carriers are found during accidental checkups, with no apparent discomfort, and often have hepatitis B family clusters. How should these groups be managed? From a theoretical point of view, hepatitis B virus carriers are a high-risk group that should be prevented and treated in a timely manner. The hepatitis B virus carrier status is often a patient in the immune tolerance stage, with high hepatitis B virus levels, requiring regular checkups, and once the immune balance is disrupted, it is likely that chronic hepatitis will be active, therefore, hepatitis B virus carriers are a potential high-risk transmission population and morbidity population, a population that needs to be tested at any time and should Undergo a comprehensive examination every six months, and carry out antiviral treatment early at the appropriate time at any time according to the level of liver transaminases. Why is that so? Because antiviral treatment in the state of hepatitis B virus carriage often achieves minimal results, and it is a big blow to the patient to spend money but not achieve good results. Therefore, the guidelines for the prevention and treatment of chronic hepatitis B state that it is the best time to carry out antiviral treatment when the level of liver transaminases is elevated, so special treatment is temporarily not given to chronic hepatitis B virus carriers. However, for chronic hepatitis B virus carriers, prevention and follow-up work need to be done: 1. prevent infection from other infectious diseases, vaccination against hepatitis A and other infectious diseases. 2. Abstain from alcohol. 3, moderate participation in sports and leisure exercise, to avoid overexertion, living a regular life. 4.Tune your mind and be optimistic. 5.Review liver function and ultrasound regularly to understand the current disease status. 6.Follow up under the guidance of professional doctors and carry out antiviral treatment at the right time.