Many male patients have been diagnosed with varicocele in the hospital. How does this disease come about? How much can it affect a person? Does it need to be treated? There is often a lot of confusion. Spermatic veins refer to the trabecular plexus of veins in the scrotum that are responsible for the transport of blood to the testicles and epididymis. When these veins become dilated, tortuous, or lengthened, the return of blood can be blocked and cause a number of problems. Most varicocele is primary, or congenital. Congenital absence of valves or incomplete closure of venous valves causes regurgitation of venous blood, increased vascular pressure and gradually causes varicose veins. The left spermatic vein is longer than the right spermatic vein and converges at right angles to the renal vein, which has a higher blood resistance and is therefore more prone to varicose veins. Mild varicose veins have mild symptoms and even feel insignificant, which need to be confirmed by ultrasound. In severe cases, there may be a feeling of swelling and vague pain in the testicular area, involving the waist or inner thighs, which is obvious after exertion and can be relieved by lying down and resting. Dampness of the scrotum is also a feature. Patients with marked varicocele of the spermatic vein will have a downward movement of the scrotum on the affected side, and soft masses, similar to earthworms, can be found by touching the scrotum. The scrotum is protruding and connected to the veins of the inner thigh. The greatest impact of varicocele on men is in the area of fertility. Studies have confirmed that the more severe and prolonged the varicocele, the greater the impact on fertility. The main reason for infertility is the increase in temperature and retention of toxic substances in the scrotum due to the obstruction of blood flow, which is detrimental to the spermatogenic function of the testes. Semen examination may reveal low sperm count, decreased viability, increased deformed sperm, and sticky semen. For patients who have already had children and have mild symptoms, they can be left untreated or moderately regulated with Chinese herbs. Surgery is the only means to cure varicocele, but it should be considered carefully because: 1. some patients have testicular failure and will not recover even after surgery; 2. there are many causes of infertility and varicocele may not be the main factor and should be carefully investigated; 3. surgery has risks and may induce the production of anti-sperm antibodies and the condition becomes more complicated. For those with 3rd degree varicocele combined with decreased sperm quality, surgery is advocated as soon as possible; patients with less than 2nd degree varicocele can try medication, and if the condition does not improve, surgery should also be used. Patients should pay attention to the influence of lifestyle habits. Smoking is strictly forbidden, avoiding sedentary and excessively frequent sexual urges, and keeping bowel movements open. Reduce exposure to hot environments such as hot springs and saunas.