The 2015 updated version of the Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Chronic Hepatitis B states, “Fertility of male patients on antiviral therapy: for male patients on interferon alpha therapy, fertility should be considered only 6 months after drug discontinuation; for male patients on antiviral therapy with nucleoside (acid) drugs, there is no evidence of adverse effects of nucleoside (acid) drug therapy on sperm, and fertility can be be considered for fertility with adequate communication with the patient.” Of the drugs currently approved for use against the hepatitis B virus, only interferon has a clear anti-reproductive effect and is not recommended for male patients whose wives become pregnant during treatment. Moreover, interferon has more side effects and can also affect male patients’ physical condition and sexual function during treatment. Therefore, it is better for male patients to recover for more than 6 months after stopping interferon before considering fertility. Lamivudine, adefovir, tebivudine, entecavir and tenofovir were tested for genotoxicity and reproductive toxicity during their development, and no genotoxicity was found, nor was any effect on fertility or other reproductive toxicity found in male animals. A search of the national and international medical literature did not retrieve evidence that nucleoside (acid) analogs of anti-hepatitis B drugs caused effects on sperm and male fertility. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s grading of the safety of drugs during pregnancy is only for pregnant females, and most drugs have minor effects on male fertility. Therefore, male patients with hepatitis B treated with nucleoside (acid) analogs should not discontinue treatment during fertility and do not need to be switched to medications that are graded B for safety during pregnancy in women.