Duodenal ulcers are clinically common and the treatment of duodenal ulcers is now very well established and standardized, with different treatment options chosen depending on the cause. More than 90% of patients with duodenal ulcers are found to be infected with Helicobacter pylori, a bacterium that settles in the stomach but can cause duodenal ulcers through a series of complex mechanisms. Therefore, the current consensus among medical experts is that H. pylori testing is mandatory for patients with duodenal ulcers, whether active or scarred, and that if positive, standardized and relevant antimicrobial therapy is administered. If H. pylori is successfully eradicated, the ulcer can be cured and recurrence of the majority of ulcers is eliminated. Another reason for the development of duodenal ulcers is the use of aspirin and NSAIDs, which need to be discontinued as much as other conditions allow, and drugs that inhibit gastric acid secretion, such as omeprazole, are generally treated for 4 to 6 weeks to heal. However, such patients also need to be checked for H. pylori infection. Of course, there are other rare causes of duodenal ulcers, such as endocrine tumors, which are more specific. Targeted treatment is required. Therefore, when duodenal ulcers are found, the first thing that should be done is to check for H. pylori, and the treatment should be based on anti-H. pylori and suppression of gastric acid. The specific treatment should also be individualized according to the patient’s condition after a formal examination at the hospital.