Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that involves multiple systems and organs and has multiple autoantibodies. Tissue damage is caused by the presence of a large number of pathogenic autoantibodies and immune complexes in the body. The clinical manifestations of SLE are varied during the active phase or relapse of the disease, but the changes in laboratory tests and clinical symptoms are synchronized in most patients, therefore, the combination of laboratory tests can determine the disease activity more clearly and decide the treatment plan. There are various systems for determining the activity of SLE disease, and the laboratory tests include: routine blood tests (decreased lymphocytes are significantly related to the activity of SLE, and the sedimentation rate increases during the active phase), routine urine tests (proteinuria, hematuria, and tubuluria or pusuria may be present in different degrees), immunological tests (complement and C-reactive protein), autoantibodies (anti-ds-DNA antibodies, which are specific for SLE), and antibodies against SLE. The antibody potency decreases with the remission of the disease), biochemical routine (liver and kidney function, protein electrophoresis mostly shows elevated gamma globulin, such changes usually parallel with the disease activity, can be reduced with the improvement of the disease, so it can also be used as an indicator of the dynamic observation of the disease), etc.