Whether a positive high-risk HPV16 is serious or not needs to be determined in the context of the patient’s specific situation. Usually, a positive high-risk HPV16 means that the cervical epithelium is infected with high-risk HPV type 16. If the patient’s high-risk HPV16 positive infection is relatively short and does not cause cervical lesions, the patient may turn negative and this situation is generally not serious; if the infection is longer and causes cervical cytopathy, it needs to be judged according to the type of lesion whether it is serious or not. HPV16 is a type of human papillomavirus and belongs to the mucosal high-risk type. If the patient’s body immunity is high, the cervical local immune environment is normal, the high-risk HPV16 positive infection event is relatively short and does not cause cervical lesions, usually more than 90% of patients will turn negative within two years naturally or after treatment, patients with poor immunity, usually need to follow medical advice to apply vaginal suppositories and other medication to promote the turn negative, this situation of high-risk HPV16 positive is generally not serious. High-risk HPV16 positivity, if the infection lasts for more than two years and the viral load is relatively high, the local environment of the cervix is poor, and it may develop into cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, precancerous lesions or even cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is more serious compared to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and precancerous lesions. Therefore, once a positive HPV type 16 is detected, colposcopy is recommended 3-7 days after menstruation and a biopsy is taken at the same time, with the aim of finding out whether suspicious malignant lesions have developed in the cervical epithelium in the presence of high-risk HPV infection. Since high-risk HPV16 has a higher possibility of inducing malignant lesions in the uterus compared to low-risk HPV, active treatment is recommended for the discovery of high-risk HPV16, regardless of the patient’s health condition, to try to make the viral test turn negative as soon as possible, and regular follow-up examinations are also recommended to ensure recovery from the disease. If the lesion has already occurred, appropriate treatment will be done according to the extent of the lesion, such as lip knife or cold knife conization, total hysterectomy, etc.