Thoracoplasty is commonly used for chronic pyothorax. Chest wall collapse can be caused by untreated or inappropriate management of acute abscess, foreign body retention in the chest cavity, failure to cure the primary disease causing the abscess, or idiopathic infection. What are the examination items needed for chest wall collapse? 1.X-ray: pleural hypertrophy on the affected side, narrow intercostal space, large area of increased density of hair off-like fuzzy shadow. The mediastinum is displaced to the affected side, and the diaphragm is elevated. High-voltage films or body films can show the condition of the hypertrophied pleura, abscess cavity and lung tissue. The presence of fluid planes indicates that there has been a pulmonary air leak or that a bronchopleural fistula is still present. Combined with a front and side chest radiograph the size and location of the abscess cavity can be clarified. When there is liquid plane, apply the healthy side lying horizontal projection can show the position of the bottom of the abscess cavity. 2, CT examination: can further clarify whether the lung tissue has lesions, such as tuberculosis, bronchial dilatation, cysts or abscesses, which is very helpful for the development of surgical program. If there are lesions in the lungs, it is often necessary to perform thoracic dissection and lobectomy or even total lung resection, or add thoracoplasty. 3, B-type ultrasonography: in the pleural effusion of liquid dark maze because of the liquid within the cellular components of the liquid, often aggregated with each other, the formation of flocculent, so the sonograms are seen to have varying strengths, unevenly distributed small echoes, and a slight floating phenomenon. If the patient rapidly moves the body, the liquid fairy echo floating enhancement, and even up and down roll, very easy to recognize. The difference between the ultrasonography of pyothorax and simple pleural hypertrophy is that there is still no echo in the liquid dark area after the gain is increased, while the pleural hypertrophy area is echo enhanced, presenting the characteristics of substantial tissue. If chronic pyothorax has not been treated with thoracentesis or closed chest drainage, thoracentesis should be performed to extract pus to determine the diagnosis, and bacterial culture and drug susceptibility testing should be performed to identify the causative organisms and select effective antibiotics. The diagnosis of chronic pyothorax is not difficult, and can be made clearly based on symptoms, signs, X-ray manifestations, B-mode ultrasound, and especially the results of chest puncture.