Persistent infection with high-risk HPV viruses has been shown to be necessary for the development of cervical cancer, so when should you be screened for HPV viruses? What should be done if the screening result is positive? I believe this is a question that women are eager to know. Due to the special nature of the reproductive structure, any woman who has sex may bring HPV into the reproductive tract through sexual contact. Just like a cold and fever, this is a common occurrence. However, most women are able to destroy the HPV virus that enters their bodies through their own immunity, and the infection is only transient. Only a few women with weakened immune system are unable to destroy the HPV that enters their body, resulting in persistent HPV infection, before it may develop into cervical cancer, a process that also takes about 8 to 12 years. Therefore, women who are sexually active should have regular cervical cytology examinations (such as cervical smear or thin layer liquid-based cytology) on the one hand, and HPV-DNA tests should be started after the age of 30 on the other hand. If the test result is negative, it means that they are not infected by HPV, so they will not be at risk of cervical cancer for a long time, and it is recommended to do this test again every two to three years; if the test result is positive, it does not necessarily mean that they will develop cervical cancer, because the immune system in the body may eliminate the virus, so the infected person should also combine cervical cytology and colposcopy to see if there are currently abnormal cervical cells. If there is no abnormality, it is recommended to review the test every year so that once abnormalities are detected, timely treatment can be carried out to nip cervical cancer in the bud. What should I do if I am positive for HPV? If there is only HPV infection, no abnormalities on TCT and colposcopy, and no cervical lesions, we usually take a follow-up approach. A normal cervix is like an intact apple and HPV infection is the pest on the apple. When the pest is not biting the apple, we only need to review it regularly because our own immunity is more than likely to drive the pest away. However, when the pests start to destroy the apple and cause cervical lesions, we need to take certain measures. At present, for the treatment of HPV infection, on the one hand we can use antiviral medication, and on the other hand, we need to improve our own immunity. There are many ways to improve immunity, one is by drugs, such as interferon. In addition, we should pay attention to diet, strengthen physical exercise, and maintain a regular life. In short, we should maintain the right mindset about HPV infection, neither let it go, nor be too panic.