Causes of male infertility

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that couples who have lived together for more than one year after marriage without using contraception and whose female partner is infertile due to the male partner are called male infertility. Male infertility may be the result of a variety of factors, rather than an independent disease, according to the etiological analysis, factors leading to male infertility are mainly the following: 1, semen abnormalities: such as the absence of spermatozoa, or spermatozoa number is too small, activity is weakened, morphology is abnormal; 2, testicular anomalies: testicular abnormalities have three kinds of conditions: (1) cryptorchidism, unilateral cryptorchidism caused by infertility is about 30% to 60%, bilateral is 50-100%. (1) Cryptorchidism. It not only leads to infertility, but also induces malignant changes; (2) Fetal period due to unfavorable environmental factors damage to the embryonic primordium; (3) Early testicular injury, which can be caused by birth injuries during the delivery process; (3) Acquired testicular injuries: such as hernia repair, syringomyelia surgery, testicular immobilization surgery, etc. damage to the testicular vasculature, obstructing the blood supply and making the testes atrophic; (4) Sperm transport obstruction: tuberculosis of the epididymis and the vas deferens can block the vasculature, preventing the passage of sperms, and resulting in impotence and impotence; (5) Testicular anomaly: the testicles and the vas deferens can be blocked, and the sperms will not pass through. The obstruction of sperm transportation: tuberculosis of epididymis and vas deferens can block the vas deferens and impede the passage of sperms. Sexual dysfunction such as impotence and premature ejaculation can not allow sperms to enter the female vagina; 5. Syringomyelia: syringomyelia oppresses the blood circulation of testes, which can lead to testicular infection or atrophy. The incidence rate of this disease after puberty is 16%-19%; 6, endocrine factors: male endocrine mediated by the hypothalamus – pituitary – testicular axis pituitary, thyroid and adrenaline dysfunction caused by oligozoospermia and azoospermia can cause sterility; 7, genetic factors: such as sex chromosome abnormality Klinefelter syndrome, male Turner syndrome, etc.; 8, immune factors: due to sex chromosomal abnormality, Klinefelter syndrome can not make sperm enter the female vagina. 8, immune factors: due to sperm exposure to the immune system, sperm seminal plasma in the body to produce antibodies against their own sperm, ejaculation of sperm occurring in their own agglutination and can not make female fertilization; 9, reproductive organs infections: bacterial, viral, protozoa and other infections, can be direct damage to the testes, resulting in resignation of the testis atrophy, testicular tuberculosis, destruction of testicular tissue, seriously affecting the ability to spermatogenesis and reduce the activity of spermatozoa and lead to Infertility. For example, 20% of mumps patients in the pre-adolescent stage of development have testicular inflammation and cause infertility; 10. Neurological dysfunction and infertility caused by neurological diseases: such as paraplegia, impotence.