Since the prognosis of cervical cancer is obviously related to the stage of the disease, early diagnosis is the key to cure. Generally speaking, the diagnosis of cervical cancer is not difficult and it is the only disease that can be diagnosed early through early examination. It is important to note that early warning signs of cervical cancer are often the clues for diagnosis. At present, the most commonly used clinical methods for early diagnosis of cervical cancer include the following: 1. Cytological examination Since Baba Nikolai proposed the Pap staining and grading method of cervical vaginal smear in 1943, the clinical use of this method as a screening tool has greatly reduced the incidence of cervical cancer. This method requires scraping a week of smear from the squamocolumnar junction area of the ectocervix, fixing it in 95% alcohol for at least 15 minutes, and then performing Pap staining cytology, which should be taken seriously when grade III or above cells are found. If repeated examinations are abnormal, cervical biopsy should be performed. 2.Iodine test of uterine cervix When the cytological examination of uterine cervix is abnormal or is considered to be clinically suspicious for cancer, the abnormal area can be found by iodine test, i.e. Lugol solution or 2% iodine solution is applied to the surface of uterine cervix, and the non-colored area is the positive area, and sampling biopsy in this area can often improve the accuracy of diagnosis. Colposcopy Colposcopy allows direct observation of subtle changes in the epithelium and vascular morphology of the cervix, such as vascular morphology, capillary spacing, epithelial surface and extent of lesions, etc. Taking biopsies at abnormal areas can clarify the diagnosis and improve the early diagnosis rate. Currently, optical colposcopy and electronic colposcopy are available. Electronic colposcopy, which was used in the late 1990s, is a multifunctional colposcopy testing system that integrates image acquisition, screen monitoring, computer storage, graphic printing and remote monitoring. It is one of the important auxiliary diagnostic methods for CIN and early cervical cancer. 4.Cervical biopsy Cervical biopsy is the most reliable and indispensable method to confirm the diagnosis of cervical cancer and its precancerous lesions. Biopsies are often taken at 3, 6, 9 and 12 points of the squamocolumnar junction area of the uterine cervix or at suspicious areas found under iodine test or colposcopy. When biopsy is performed, care should be taken that the tissue taken should include both epithelium and a certain amount of mesenchymal tissue to ensure the accuracy of the pathological results. 5, endocervical canal biopsy When repeated cervical exfoliation cytology examination results are grade III or above and cervical biopsy is negative, it should be alerted that the lesion may be hidden in the cervical canal, and endocervical canal scraping should be performed, and the scrapings should be examined pathologically to avoid missing the diagnosis. When the cervical exfoliation cytology examination is positive for many times but the cervical biopsy is negative, or the biopsy is in situ carcinoma but the infiltrating carcinoma cannot be excluded clinically, cervical conization should be performed to avoid delaying treatment due to missed diagnosis.