Nephritis is divided into secondary and primary nephritis, the so-called primary is no cause, secondary is the cause of the onset. The common causes of secondary glomerulonephritis in pediatric patients are hereditary factors and can also be caused by drugs, such as drug allergy, allergic purpura can also cause glomerulonephritis. In addition, some pediatric patients suddenly have viral infections, especially hepatitis B virus infection and hepatitis C virus infection, which may cause glomerulonephritis. There are also a variety of glomerulonephritis without a cause, and then, in addition to looking for possible clues to the secondary cause from systemic disease, a kidney puncture is usually required to speculate on which type of glomerulonephritis may be present. In case of hereditary glomerulonephritis, its pathology has different manifestations, such as lupus erythematosus, purpura, and hepatitis B virus causing nephritis whose pathology is different. Therefore, nephritis whose cause is not very clear and whose pathology has no particular manifestations can be called primary glomerulonephritis.