Alkaline phosphatase is an enzyme that is widely distributed in human liver, bones, intestines, kidneys and placenta, and is excreted outside the bile via the liver. Clinically, alkaline phosphatase is mainly used for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of diseases of the skeletal, hepatobiliary system, especially jaundice. Elevated alkaline phosphatase has both physiological and pathological causes, with physiological elevations occurring mainly in pregnant women during pregnancy, newborns, and developing children. In these cases, alkaline phosphatase is active in the bone tissue and the values are high when tested. Therefore, a high alkaline phosphatase value in children indicates that the child is in the process of growth and development and does not require special treatment. Pathological elevations are seen in obstructive jaundice, neonatal jaundice, and jaundice hepatitis. In fact, high alkaline phosphatase in children is commonly associated with rickets, which can be differentially diagnosed by a blood vitamin D test or by the doctor through the child’s clinical presentation, physical examination and daily vitamin D and calcium supplementation. If it is physiological, there is no need to worry, but if it is pathological, active treatment is needed. Therefore, parents should supplement vitamin D and trace elements in a timely manner and give their children good eating habits, not to be partial or picky, so as to have a balanced nutrition. At the same time, they should also consume more dairy and soy products, and children should do more outdoor activities and get more sunlight, so as to promote the absorption of calcium in the body.