An infectious disease caused by Leptospira pallidum. It is mainly transmitted through sexual intercourse and is a sexually transmitted disease. There are 3 stages of syphilis: 1. The incubation period is 2-4 weeks, with dark red hard masses and shallow ulcers on the external genital area, with cartilage-like hardness and enlarged surrounding lymph nodes. 2. Phase II syphilis. After 1 to 2 months of syphilis, symmetrical generalized rash, rash, papules, pustules, etc. occur on the skin and mucous membranes of the body. Mucous membrane may occur mucosal spots, flat warts, highly infectious. 3.Stage 3 syphilis. It occurs 2 to 3 years or even 10 years after infection, the skin is gum-like swelling, and can also involve bones, joints, heart and blood vessels, manifesting as aortitis, aortic valve atresia and aortic aneurysm, etc., invading the nerves as spinal consumption, general paralysis (paralytic dementia). Congenital syphilis has early congenital syphilis, equivalent to the second stage, but more severe. Late congenital syphilis is similar to acquired, but cardiac, vascular and neurological lesions rarely occur. They are mainly substantial keratitis, neurological deafness, Hutchinson’s teeth (central incision of upper incisors, small lower and large upper, equal in width and thickness), and peyote shaped tibiae. Between stages there can be latent syphilis, which is asymptomatic and only seropositive. Treatment is with penicillin or erythromycin, tetracycline, etc. Syphilis is a systemic chronic infectious disease, and syphilis, tuberculosis, and leprosy are among the top three chronic infectious diseases in the world. The origin and spread of syphilis has been described in many ways, but according to Western scholars, there was no syphilis in Europe before the 15th century. 1492, when Columbus sailed to America for the first time, some sailors had sexual relations with American women, and when the sailors returned to Europe, they spread the disease to Italy and Spain. 1494, King Charles VIII of France collected more than 300,000 soldiers from various countries and invaded Italy. The expedition to Italy, syphilis was spreading within Italy, when the siege of Napoli, a syphilis pandemic occurred in the military camps. 1495 these soldiers with syphilis returned home, causing a syphilis epidemic in Europe. Some believe that the Portuguese fleet brought syphilis to India in 1488. Some scholars also believe that Columbus’ fleet rounded the Cape of Good Hope and reached India in 1498. The arrival of the syphilis-infected crew brought syphilis to India as well. In 1505, syphilis was first discovered and recorded in Guangdong Province, and since then, syphilis has spread widely from the coast to the interior of China, with a high incidence rate, topping the list of venereal diseases. After liberation, syphilis was basically eliminated in 1959 because the Party and government effectively banned brothels, prohibited prostitution, and conducted extensive screening and treatment of venereal diseases, and since the 1970s, with the development of society, venereal diseases have returned from the dead in China, especially syphilis, and the number of cases has increased dramatically.