Ankylosing spondylitis belongs to the category of rheumatic diseases and is a chronic disease with the spine as the main lesion. Most of the causes are related to genetics, infection, immunity and other factors, and it is generally not curable, but it is still necessary to improve the examination to clarify the condition and actively control the further development of the disease. Patients often present with low back pain, stiffness and spinal deformities. With early and aggressive treatment, most patients have a good prognosis and can maintain a good functional status. Whether or not ankylosing spondylitis is treatable depends on the severity of the disease. In the case of early mild weakness, wasting, joint pain, and morning stiffness patients can basically recover as early as possible through physical exercise and functional joint exercise with physical therapy such as ultrasound. For patients with severe disease, most of them take surgical treatment to replace the deformed joints, which is difficult to treat and the patients recover slowly after surgery. For patients with severe joint deformity with other systemic pathologies, in addition to the above symptoms, the patient may also have pathologies of the cardiac system, nervous system, respiratory system, sensory system, etc. At this time, the doctor needs to combine blood tests, autoantibodies, genetic tests, liver and kidney functions, X-rays, CT and joint magnetic resonance imaging to determine the specific situation of the patient’s joint damage, and then choose the appropriate surgical treatment plan. Commonly used drugs for the treatment of spondylitis include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, sulfonamides, methotrexate, biologics and other drugs, which should be administered under the guidance of a physician. If the patient also has a spinal deformity that affects his or her life, surgery such as spinal orthopedics or joint replacement can be performed after the condition has stabilized.