In both men and women, there are many hormones in the body, including androgens and estrogens. However, androgens are significantly higher than estrogens in men, while estrogens are significantly higher than androgens in women. Both men and women can develop gallbladder stones, although estrogen causes more cholesterol to accumulate in the bile, which is highly saturated with cholesterol and prone to stone formation, so women are more likely to develop gallstones than men, and pregnancy in women often promotes gallstone formation. Women’s susceptibility to gallstones is the result of the role of sex hormones in women’s bodies on the chemical composition of bile and the contractile function of the gallbladder. Thus, long-term oral contraceptive users have two times more gallstones than normal, and postmenopausal women treated with estrogenic drugs have significantly more gallstones, all of which may be related to the action of sex hormones.