Syphilis is a chronic infectious disease caused by the syphilis spirochete and is transmitted mainly through sexual contact. Patients with untreated syphilis are most contagious within 2 years of infection, and the patient’s skin or mucous membranes contain large numbers of syphilis spirochetes. After 4 years of infection through sexual contact, it is generally not contagious. The family has a syphilis patient, first of all, should be sexual partners, syphilis mother and all infants, at the same time for examination, and active anti-syphilis treatment. The treatment should be standardized, the dose should be sufficient, the entire course of treatment should be completed, and the treatment should be followed up for a sufficient period of time afterwards. Second, items used by syphilis patients should be disinfected, and underwear should be washed separately. If conditions are available, bath tubs, bathing utensils and toilets should be separated; if not, disinfection should be done in a timely manner. Avoid sexual life as much as possible during the treatment period, or couples should use condoms for sexual life.