The onset of ankylosing crestitis is related to age and gender, with a high incidence of the disease between the ages of 10 and 30, and a gradual decrease in incidence after the age of 40, accounting for only 1%. The ratio of male to female is 10:1. In recent years, a large number of children aged 6 to 10 years have been found to have the disease, which may be related to the current medical awareness of ankylosing crestitis and the increase in the diagnosis rate. Ninety percent of patients with ankylosing crestitis are genetically predisposed, but the cause of the disease is not genetic; genetics only indicates the prevalence of ankylosing crestitis in the population. Family surveys have found that the risk of ankylosing crestitis is 20 to 40 times higher in first-generation relatives of patients with ankylosing crestitis than in the general population. In a survey of twin children, it was found that monozygotic twins were more than 50% more likely to have the other twin affected. Clinical studies have found that the major disease of ankylosing crestitis is closely related to the dysregulation of the body’s immune system, with immune dysfunction being the intrinsic environment for the development of the disease. In most patients, increased immunoglobulins, complement and circulating immune complexes can be detected in the serum, which indicates an abnormal immune response inside the patient’s body leading to the onset of the disease. Inflammatory erosion, which is also a trigger for the onset of the disease, and infections of various organs can also contribute to the onset of ankylosing crestitis. Patients with ankylosing crestitis have a 79% positive stool culture for Klebsiella pneumoniae, compared to 30% in the normal population, indicating that patients have a significantly higher frequency of Klebsiella pneumoniae infection than normal. It was also found that serum anti-Klebsiella pneumoniae antibody levels were significantly higher in patients with ankylosing crepitus, with a positive rate of 43.3%, compared to 4.4% in normal subjects. Dark, humid, and cold living and working environments can lead to inflammatory changes in synovial membranes, ligaments, and cartilage, causing painful joint swelling, resulting in joint dysfunction, and triggering episodes of ankylosing crestitis. Trauma, endocrine and metabolic disorders may also be related to the onset of the disease. Therefore, it is likely that the onset of ankylosing crestitis is influenced by various factors such as environmental factors based on genetic factors.