Gallbladder stones can be generally classified according to the presence or absence of symptoms as follows: 1. asymptomatic phase and mild symptomatic phase. 2.Acute attack period: clinically, they are mostly classified into three types: acute simple cholecystitis, acute purulent cholecystitis and acute gangrenous cholecystitis due to stone obstruction. How to choose the best time for gallbladder preservation surgery? It depends on whether it is traditional gallbladder stone treatment or the new gallbladder preservation concept: traditional gallbladder stone treatment is cholecystectomy, and cholecystectomy may lead to some complications due to the lack of function of the gallbladder after removal, so when the patient’s symptoms are not obvious, doctors often suggest that the patient can observe conservative treatment first, and then perform cholecystectomy once the conservative treatment is ineffective and the symptoms worsen. However, the new philosophy of biliary preservation believes that biliary preservation surgery is conditional, which means that the gallbladder must be a functioning gallbladder. The outcome after biliary preservation surgery is directly related to the patient’s gallbladder function. When a patient has an attack of cholecystitis, it is mostly due to a gallbladder stone obstructing the gallbladder duct, which is destructive to the gallbladder. In most cases, the longer the abdominal pain lasts, the heavier the obstruction and the more serious the damage to the function of the gallbladder! If the gallbladder has become septic and gangrenous and has no function, or if there is obstruction in the gallbladder duct, it is impossible to preserve the gallbladder and only cholecystectomy can be performed. In acute simple cholecystitis, the gallbladder duct is obstructed and the gallbladder cannot be preserved, and in acute simple cholecystitis, if the gallbladder duct is open, the gallbladder can only be fistulized and drained through a drainage tube for a period of time, which undoubtedly prolongs the treatment time. In addition, patients with gallbladder stones have less obvious symptoms, lighter symptoms or less abdominal pain, which means that the gallbladder is functioning well, but of course, relevant tests must be performed to confirm that the gallbladder is indeed functional, and the effect of biliary surgery is certainly good, and biliary surgery is feasible at this time. In summary, the asymptomatic period and the mild symptomatic period are more suitable for biliary surgery. The acute attack period is more suitable for cholecystectomy.