1. Acute glomerulonephritis: Common in children. The onset of the disease is rapid and varies in severity. Clinical manifestations: proteinuria, hematuria (may have carnitic hematuria), edema (may be mild or severe), hypertension, some patients may present with oliguria, transient renal function abnormalities. 2, nephrotic syndrome: massive proteinuria (>3.5g/24 hours), hypoalbuminemia (<30g/l), edema, and elevated lipids can be seen. It can be divided into primary nephrotic syndrome and secondary nephrotic syndrome. 3.IgA nephropathy: Most commonly seen in young adults. Typical patients often have recurrent episodes of carnivorous hematuria after respiratory and other mucosal infections, with or without varying degrees of proteinuria, and may also present with asymptomatic urinalysis abnormalities or present with chronic glomerulonephritis or nephrotic syndrome. It is the most common pathological type of primary glomerular disease presenting simple hematuria. 4. Chronic glomerulonephritis: It can occur at any age, mainly in young and middle-aged people. Most of them have an insidious onset, and the clinical manifestations are diverse, with proteinuria, hematuria, hypertension, edema as its basic clinical manifestations, and there may be different degrees of renal hypofunction. The disease may be mild or severe, and may progress over time. 5. Lupus nephritis: It is common in young women and is a glomerular disease secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus. Patients present with symptoms of SLE (such as rash, arthralgia, photosensitivity, etc.), which may manifest as asymptomatic urinalysis abnormalities, nephrotic syndrome, chronic nephritis syndrome, and acute progressive nephritis syndrome when the kidneys are involved. 6, purpura nephritis: common in children and adolescents, is a renal lesion secondary to allergic purpura, most of the first allergic purpura symptoms, followed by hematuria and/or proteinuria, can be manifested as nephrotic syndrome or chronic nephritis syndrome. 7, hepatitis B virus-related nephritis: is the hepatitis B virus caused by glomerular damage, often manifested as nephrotic syndrome or nephritis syndrome. 8, diabetic nephropathy: kidney damage secondary to diabetes mellitus, the early stage can be found in microalbuminuria, gradually develop into a large amount of proteinuria, nephrotic syndrome (most have diabetic retinopathy), the late stage of renal failure.