The course of chronic hepatitis B is often long. In addition to regular and reasonable medication, patients should pay attention to regular checkups. Because the examination is a necessary procedure to understand the effect of treatment and changes in the condition, it should not be ignored. The examination items should be comprehensive and the results should be accurate, so it is best for patients to go to a regular hospital with conditions.
The examination items mainly include
1.Liver function series
Indicators glutathione aminotransferase (ALT), glutathione aminotransferase (AST), cholinesterase (CHE), transpeptidase (GGT), albumin (ALB), globulin (GLO), total serum bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), prothrombin activity (PA) and so on. According to the above indicators, we can determine what stage the disease is in, whether it is mild or severe.
2.Blood routine
Including white blood cells, red blood cells, hematocrit, platelets and so on. Once the disease enters the stage of cirrhosis, the change of blood picture can often indicate the severity of the disease. For example, in the early stage of cirrhosis, platelets are mildly reduced; in the middle and late stage of cirrhosis, hypersplenism, the whole blood are decreased; if the hematocrit is reduced, we should pay attention to the phenomenon of gastrointestinal bleeding.
3.AFP (alpha-fetoprotein)
In general, AFP in hepatitis is rarely elevated, and even if it is, it rarely exceeds 200 ng. However, in liver cancer, AFP is often greater than 400 ng. If AFP does not drop continuously and remains above 400 ng, it is necessary to pay attention to the possibility of hepatocellular carcinoma.
4.B ultrasound
Through regular examination of ultrasound, we can understand the size and shape of liver, echogenicity, inner diameter of portal vein, thickness of spleen and the presence of ascites, which can determine whether the condition is changing towards cirrhosis or whether there are occupying lesions occurring.
5.Gastroscopy
When it is not possible to determine whether there is cirrhosis based on laboratory results, gastroscopy can be performed to understand the esophageal mucosa and periesophageal varices and gastric fundic varices. If varices exist, it means cirrhosis has occurred.
6.Liver fibrosis index examination
Blood sampling to check serum type III pre-collagen, laminin, hyaluronic acid, type IV collagen, etc., can initially determine the degree of liver fibrosis.
7.Hepatitis B virological indexes
Including hepatitis B virus “two-to-one”, hepatitis B virus DNA, etc., to understand the virus replication and infectious size.
8.Glucose, urine sugar, urine routine, etc.
Mainly to understand whether there are hepatitis B-related diseases, such as hepatogenic diabetes, hepatitis B virus-related nephritis, etc.
9.Liver puncture examination
When other means and testing methods cannot clarify the severity of the disease or if there is doubt, liver puncture can be performed to take biopsies to help confirm the diagnosis.
Special reminder: The above-mentioned tests are not necessary for every patient. Generally speaking, it is sufficient to routinely perform only the liver function series of tests, but only when there is a suspicion of serious conditions such as cirrhosis or liver cancer, more tests are needed.