Dysmenorrhea is divided into primary dysmenorrhea and secondary dysmenorrhea. Secondary dysmenorrhea refers to dysmenorrhea caused by certain diseases, such as endometriosis, adenomyosis, cervical stenosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, etc. If secondary causes are excluded, the dysmenorrhea is primary, i.e. dysmenorrhea with no specific etiology. The vast majority of dysmenorrhea is primary, and the main mechanism of occurrence is increased synthesis of prostaglandins by the endometrium. Prostaglandins enhance the sensitivity of nociceptive receptors to pain-causing substances and amplify inflammatory pain effects, while prostaglandins themselves have a pain-causing effect. The increase in prostaglandins can also cause abnormal contraction of the smooth muscles of the gastrointestinal system, urinary system and cardiovascular system, which can lead to nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, frequent urination, etc. Seriously, it can make people turn white, cold sweat, general weakness, cold extremities, and even cause adverse symptoms of the cardiovascular system. In addition, long-term dysmenorrhea can also affect mental health, such as irritability, irritability, depression, and lack of concentration. How to deal with dysmenorrhea? First, in the mind, a basic and objective understanding of dysmenorrhea. If you realize that most women of childbearing age suffer from dysmenorrhea, and that most of them are primary rather than having a serious disease, you can greatly reduce the burden on your mind and reduce premenstrual tension and menstrual tension. The tension itself can cause the production of prostaglandins, which aggravate the pain sensation. Second, strip life, diet and health care to prevent dysmenorrhea. Life: avoid excessive mental tension and cold stimulation (for example, do not blow against the air conditioner), use cold water as little as possible, pay attention to the warmth of the period, wear clothes not only warm, as loose as possible, do not strangle the abdomen too tightly. Diet: Do not eat raw, cold, overly stimulating food (such as acid, spicy, strong coffee, strong tea) during the period, drink more water, especially in the morning. Pay attention to the hygiene of menstruation, prohibit sex and swimming, do not participate in strenuous exercise, etc. Health care: understand the physiology of menstruation, pay attention to menstrual health care, establish a healthy and happy outlook on life, reduce anxiety and depression, pay attention to the regularity of life, combining work and rest, proper nutrition and sufficient sleep, and participate in suitable sports, such as walking, jogging, dancing, gymnastics, etc., to enhance physical fitness. Exercise can reduce sympathetic nerve tension, relax smooth muscles, increase the amount of blood supply to the uterus and blood flow rate, which is conducive to the excretion of metabolic products of the uterus and relieve dysmenorrhea. In addition, smoking also tends to affect the constriction of blood vessels, so pay attention to control. Third, when menstrual pain, take some tips to reduce the pain. Hot drinks: When in pain, drink some hot brown sugar water, hot milk, hot drinks can stretch the blood vessels and counteract the vasoconstrictive effect of prostaglandins. Abdominal warm compress: hot water bag warm compress abdomen or massage abdomen, appropriate walking, etc. to promote menstrual blood discharge. Pain reduction health exercises: such as abdominal prone on the back of the sofa or stool, deep breathing, and then do limb stretching movements, as well as swimming movements. Use a comb: Place the ten fingers against the teeth of the comb and gently rub back and forth to massage. Fourth, according to the actual situation of individuals choose the appropriate drugs to control pain. Prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors: These drugs can inhibit prostaglandin synthesis and make the uterine tension and contractility decrease for the purpose of treating dysmenorrhea. They have been widely used in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea since the 1970s because of their effectiveness (60% to 90% efficiency) and simplicity of administration (1 to 3 days of medication during menstruation). The side effects of these drugs include gastrointestinal reactions and central nervous system symptoms, and rarely cause bronchospasm and temporary renal impairment. It is usually given continuously for 2 to 3 days before the onset of menstrual dysmenorrhea, because prostaglandins are released in the first 48h of menstruation in the highest amount, and early dosing can correct the excessive synthetic release of prostaglandins in the blood during menstruation. If the medication is not given continuously in the first 48h, but temporarily when it hurts, it is difficult to achieve pain relief. Commonly used drugs in this category: 25mg of anti-inflammatory pain (depot pain tablets), 3 times daily; 250mg of mefenamic acid, 4 times daily; 400mg of ibuprofen, 3 times daily; 20mg of inflammatory pain Xikang, 1 time daily; 200mg of neproxen, 2 times daily; 25mg of diclofenac, 3 times daily. Calcium channel blockers: These drugs interfere with the passage of calcium ions through the cell membrane and prevent the release of calcium ions from the intracellular stock thus relaxing smooth muscle, relieving the spasmodic contraction of the uterus, dilating blood vessels and improving the blood supply to the uterus, so they can treat dysmenorrhea. Cardiac pain 20-40mg, administered 10-30min uterine contractions weakened or disappeared, the amplitude, frequency and duration of muscle contractions are reduced, the underlying tension is reduced, while the pain is reduced, the drug effect lasts 5h, no side effects. Antispasmodic sedative: often choose aspirin class, atropine, 654-2, chlorpromazine, etc., start using when dysmenorrhea appears, can achieve better pain relief effect. But over time, it is easy to develop drug tolerance and reduce the effectiveness of the drug. Oral contraceptives: Oral contraceptives can inhibit ovulation of the ovaries, inhibit the growth of the endometrium, reduce the level of prostaglandins in the blood during menstruation, and inhibit the activity of the uterus. Oral short-acting contraceptives are effective in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea (90% efficiency). Method of administration: 1 tablet daily for 22 days starting on day 5 of the menstrual cycle, especially for women with dysmenorrhea who also need contraception. The most commonly used are depot tablets, aspirin and oral contraceptives. In addition, some people can receive good results by taking showers, doing yoga, and taking herbs to invigorate blood circulation. In conclusion, each person should determine the appropriate coping method for her/him based on her/his characteristics and response to various methods.