Old Li was a patient with gallstone disease for more than 10 years, and had attacks almost every year. Due to the fear of surgery and the fear of regenerating stones after surgery, he did not have surgery and did not follow up regularly. At the beginning of this year, Old Li had another attack of right upper abdominal pain with skin jaundice, and he spent a week in a nearby hospital hanging saline, but did not see any improvement. One year is still to come. Gallbladder cancer is a common malignant tumor in the gastrointestinal tract, with a very high degree of malignancy, and is often accompanied by distant metastases such as liver when it is clinically detected. However, with the increasing pressure of urban white-collar life, fast-paced life, irregular life, and high cholesterol and fat diet, the incidence of biliary tract tumors is on the rise. Early detection and diagnosis of gallbladder cancer is the key to prevention. How to detect gallbladder cancer at an early stage? Risk factors for gallbladder cancer include age, gender, race, diet, hormones, infection, gallbladder stones, etc. The high-risk factors for gallbladder cancer include: women over 60 years old, especially when gallbladder stones are >2.125px, repeated frictional stimulation of stones on gallbladder wall can induce gallbladder cancer; calcification of gallbladder wall, porcelain gallbladder; malformation of pancreaticobiliary duct; gallbladder polyp is a precancerous lesion of gallbladder, diameter >1.0 needs timely surgical removal; chronic atrophic cholecystitis. In case of the above high-risk patients, we need to follow up closely and operate promptly if necessary. The diagnosis of gallbladder cancer is still lack of specific tumor markers and mainly relies on imaging diagnosis. Only by raising the awareness and vigilance of gallbladder cancer can we reduce missed diagnosis and improve the diagnosis rate of early gallbladder cancer. Therefore, strengthening the education on gallbladder cancer is an important way to improve the early diagnosis of gallbladder cancer. As long as we pay attention to these susceptibility factors and common symptoms of gallbladder cancer, we can achieve early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment of gallbladder cancer to the maximum extent with the current medical level. How to standardize the treatment of gallbladder cancer? Then what should be done once gallbladder cancer is diagnosed or highly suspected? (I) Surgery Early stage gallbladder cancer used to be treated by cholecystectomy, but now most scholars support that early stage gallbladder cancer should also be treated by radical surgery. Expanded cholecystectomy should be performed for middle and late stage gallbladder cancer, which means to enlarge the gallbladder and the surrounding 50px liver tissue, and to clear the lymphatic drainage area around the gallbladder, such as portal vein, hepatic artery and extrahepatic bile duct, so that no cancer remains in the cut edge. (II) Radiotherapy To prevent and reduce local recurrence, radiotherapy as adjuvant treatment for gallbladder cancer can improve the five-year survival rate. Radiotherapy for gallbladder cancer includes external irradiation, intraoperative radiotherapy and brachytherapy. There is no recognized chemotherapy regimen that can effectively control gallbladder cancer, and the main chemotherapeutic agents are 5-FU, oxaliplatin, Kenzer and CPT-11. (iii) Molecular targeted therapy In recent years, molecular targeted drugs have made rapid progress, mainly through regulating the signal transduction pathway of cell proliferation, the transduction pathway of angiogenesis and the transduction of lost function of tumor suppressor genes to inhibit tumor growth. At present, there are more molecular targeting targets such as HER-VEGF, EGFR and tyrosine kinase inhibitors, etc. There is no clear fixed target for gallbladder cancer, and molecular targeting drugs can be selectively applied to patients’ resected lesions by detecting the above targets.