Male, 26 years old. He was admitted to the hospital after 50 days of coma following a traumatic injury in a car accident. On June 2, 2012, he was in a coma due to heavy craniocerebral injury after a car accident. Head CT: multiple intracerebral contusions, intraventricular hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, multiple skull fractures, and pulmonary contusion. After resuscitation at Beijing Tiantan Hospital, his vital signs were stable, but his consciousness did not recover, and he continued to undergo systematic functional rehabilitation exercises at Beijing Boai Hospital. She was transferred to our hospital for wakefulness promotion treatment. At the time of admission, she was comatose, GCS: 6 points, decorticated, severely malnourished, and tracheotomized. Wet rhonchi in both lungs, right-sided pulmonary atelectasis, pleural effusion and closed chest drainage. Diagnosis: 1. persistent vegetative state. 2. severe malnutrition 3. recovery from severe open craniocerebral injury. 4. right pleural effusion and pulmonary atelectasis. 5. pulmonary infection 6. multiple rib fractures. After admission to the hospital, he was given anti-inflammatory and improved nutritional treatment. Consciousness recovery was given medication, functional exercise and voice, emotion and other treatments. 6 consecutive weeks of admission to the hospital conscious behavioral scale assessment, confirmed that there is no improvement in conscious coma. At 3 months post-injury, with the consent of the patient’s family, it was decided to perform deep brain electrical stimulation surgery to promote awakening. Preoperative functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) examination confirmed that the patient had activity in important areas of the brain related to consciousness, and had the potential to regain consciousness. 2012-9-17 under general anesthesia, bilateral thalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) implantation was performed. The implantation went smoothly during the operation, and the MR review showed that the electrodes were accurately implanted at the target points in the brain. Continuous pulsed current stimulation was given to enhance the neural activity in the key areas of consciousness regulation in the brain, and the neuromodulation parameters were continuously adjusted in vitro after the operation, and the patient appeared to have significant conscious activity at 6 weeks after the operation. Consciousness scale score improved significantly, and the patient continued to be treated with neuromodulation therapy, and consciousness was fully recovered. On follow-up examination at 4 months postoperatively, the patient was conscious, could communicate in simple language, memory, comprehension, calculation and reaction were generally normal, and he was assisted to get out of bed and move around. Electrophysiological examination (ABR/SEP) and intracranial blood flow TCD were significantly improved compared with the preoperative period and close to the normal level. Currently, he is continuing his physical rehabilitation training.